About NOBEL PRIZE
The
Nobel Prize is a Swedish prize, established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist
Alfred Nobel. It was first awarded in Peace, Literature, Chemistry, Physiology
or Medicine, and Physics in 1901. Originally, awards were for work in five
disciplines. The prize for Economics was instituted in 1967 by Sveriges
Riksbank, (Swedish Bank) in celebration of its 300th anniversary and was
awarded for the first time in 1969. It’s called the Nobel Memorial Prize in
Economics.
The most prestigious award in the world,
supported by The Nobel foundation (USD 58,960,000) was set up in 1900 under the
will of Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-96).
Alfred Nobel was a Swedish scientist and chemical engineer who discovered Nitroglycerin
(C3H5N3O9) and its use in the
manufacture of dynamite in 1866. These are presented annually on December 10,
the death anniversary of the founder and is presented by the Swedish King.
The
Nobel Prize medals, which have been minted by Myntverket in Sweden and the Mint
of Norway since 1902, are registered trademarks of the Nobel Foundation.
Award Information
Year
of Institution 1901
Founder Alfred Bernhard Nobel
Awarded
Date December 10 (death anniversary of
the founder)
No.
of Disciplines Awarded 6
1.
Physics
2.
Chemistry
3.
Physiology or Medicine
4.
Literature
5.
Peace
6.
Economics (established
in 1967)
Nobel
Prizes Winners (2001 to 2013)
Category Year Name / Organisation Country
Physics 2001 Eric Allin
Cornell United
States
Carl
Edwin Wieman United
States
Wolfgang
Ketterle Germany
2002 Raymond Davis, Jr. United States
Masatoshi
Koshiba Japan
Riccardo
Giacconi United
States
2003 Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov Russia
Vitaly
Lazarevich Ginzburg Russia
Anthony
James Leggett United
Kingdom
2004 David J. Gross United
States
H.
David Politzer United
States
Frank
Wilczek United
States
2005 Roy J. Glauber United
States
John
L. Hall United
States
Theodor
W. Hänsch Germany
2006 John C. Mather United
States
George
F. Smoot United
States
2007 Albert Fert France
Peter
Grünberg Germany
2008 Makoto Kobayashi Japan
Toshihide
Maskawa Japan
Yoichiro
Nambu United
States
2009 Charles K. Kao Honk Kong
Willard
S. Boyle Canada
George
E. Smith United
States
2010 Andre Geim Netherlands
Konstantin
Novoselov U.K. (Russian–British
national)
2011 Saul Perlmutter United
States
Brian
P. Schmidt Australia
Adam
G. Riess United
States
2012 Serge Haroche France
David
J. Wineland United
States
2013 Peter Higgs Britain
Francois
Englert Belgium
CHEMISTRY 2001 William S. Knowles United States
Ryoji
Noyori Japan
K.
Barry Sharpless United
States
2002 John B. Fenn United
States
Koichi
Tanaka Japan
Kurt
Wüthrich Switzerland
2003 Peter Agre United
States
Roderick
MacKinnon United
States
2004 Aaron Ciechanover Israel
Avram
Hershko Israel
Irwin
Rose United
States
2005 Yves Chauvin France
Robert
H. Grubbs United
States
Richard
R. Schrock United
States
2006 Roger D. Kornberg United States
2007 Gerhard Ertl Germany
2008 Osamu Shimomura United States
Martin
Chalfie United
States
Roger
Y. Tsien United
States
2009 Venkatraman Ramakrishnan India,
UK, US
Thomas
A. Steitz United
States
Ada
E. Yonath Israel
2010 Richard Heck USA
Ei-ichi
Negishi Japan
Akin
Suzuki Japan
2011 Dan Shechtman Israel
2012 Robert J. Lefkowitz United States
Brian
K. Kobilka United
States
2013 Martin
Karplus United
States
Michael
Levitt United
States
Arieh
Warshel United
States
MEDICINE 2001 Leland H. Hartwell United States
Tim Hunt United
Kingdom
Sir Paul M. Nurse United
Kingdom
2002 Sydney
Brenner United
Kingdom
H. Robert Horvitz United
States
John E. Sulston United
Kingdom
2003 Paul
Lauterbur United
States
Sir Peter Mansfield United
Kingdom
2004 Richard
Axel United
States
Linda B. Buck United
States
2005 Barry
J. Marshall Australia
J. Robin Warren Australia
2006 Andrew
Z. Fire United
States
Craig
C. Mello United
States
2007 Mario
R. Capecchi United
States
Sir Martin J. Evans United
Kingdom
Oliver Smithies United
States
2008 Harald
zur Hausen Germany
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi France
Luc Montagnier France
2009 Elizabeth
H. Blackburn Australia
& US
Carol W. Greider United
States
Jack W. Szostak United
Kingdom
2010 Robert
Edwards United
Kingdom
2011 Bruce A. Beutler
Jules A. Hoffmann
Ralph M. Steinman
2012 Sir
John Gurdon United
Kingdom
Shinya Yamanaka Japan
2013 James E. Rothman American
Randy W. Schekman American
Dr. Thomas C. Sudhof German-American
PEACE 2001 United Nations, Kofi Annan Ghana
2002 Jimmy Carter United
States
2003 Shirin Ebadi Iran
2004 Wangari Maathai Kenya
2005 International Atomic Energy Agency, Mohamed
El Baradei Egypt
2006 Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank Bangladesh
2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
Al Gore United Stated
2008 Martti Ahtisaari Finland
2009 Barack Obama United
States
2010 Jailed Chinese Political activist Liu Xiaobo China
2011 Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Liberia
Leymah
Gbowee Liberia
Tawakkul
Karman Yamen
2012 European Union
2013 The Organization for the Prohibition of
Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
LITERATURE 2001 V. S. Naipaul United
Kingdom
2002 Imre Kertész Hungary
2003 J. M. Coetzee South
Africa
2004 Elfriede Jelinek Austria
2005 Harold Pinter United
Kingdom
2006 Orhan Pamuk Turkey
2007 Doris Lessing United
Kingdom
2008 J. M. G. Le Clézio France
2009 Herta Müller Germany
2010 Mario Vargas Llosa Peru
2011 Tomas Tranströmer Sweden
2012 Mo Yan China
2013 Alice Munro Canada
ECONOMICS 2001 George Akerlof United
States
Michael
Spence United
States
Joseph
E. Stiglitz United
States
2002 Daniel Kahneman Israel
Vernon
L. Smith United
States
2003 Robert F. Engle United
States
Clive
Granger United
Kingdom
2004 Finn E. Kydland Norway
Edward
C. Prescott United
States
2005 Robert Aumann Israel
Thomas
Schelling United
States
2006 Edmund Phelps United
States
2007 Leonid Hurwicz United
States
Eric
Maskin United
States
Roger
Myerson United
States
2008 Paul Krugman United
States
2009 Elinor Ostrom United
States
Oliver
Williamson United
States
2010 Peter Diamond USA
Dale
Mortensen USA
British
Cypriot Christopher Pissarides UK
2011 Thomas J. Sargent USA
Christopher
A. Sims USA
2012 Alvin E. Roth United
States
Lloyd
S. Shapley United
States
2013 Eugene
F. Fama
Lars Peter Hansen
Robert J. Shiller
Nobel Prize Winner Indians (Indian Nobel Laureates)
1.
Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) – Literature
(1913)
2.
C.V. Raman (1888–1970) –
Physics (1930)
3.
Hargobind Khorana (Born 1922....) – Medicine
(1968)
4.
Mother Teresa (1910–1997) –
Peace (1979)
5.
S. Chandrasekhar (1910–1995) – Physics (1983)
6.
Amartya Sen (Born 1933....) – Economics (1998)
7.
Venkatraman Ramkrishnan –
Chemistry (2009)
Indian Born Foreign Nobel Laureates
1. R.K.
Pachauri (2007 for Peace, heads UN Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change)
2. V.S.
Naipaul (2001 for Literature, Trinidadian born of Indian origin)
3. Dalai
Lama (1989 for Peace, Leader of Tibetans in exile)
4. Rudyard
Kipling (1907 for Literature, born in Bombay)
5. Ronald
Ross [1902 for Medicine, born in Almora (Uttarakhand)]
6.
Venkatraman (Venky)
Ramakrishnan [2009, for Chemistry
(Indian Born, American Citizen)]
No comments:
Post a Comment
Nice to Meet you.